Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN PHARMACY – REVOLUTIONISING, DISCOVERY, DEVELOPMENT AND EDUCATION

Nishita Maroti Nagpure — 2025-12-10

Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping the pharmaceutical sciences by introducing data-driven solutions that enhance efficiency, accuracy, and innovation across the entire healthcare spectrum. In drug discovery, AI enables rapid identification of molecular targets, prediction of drug–receptor interactions, and virtual screening of vast compound libraries, significantly reducing the time and cost of identifying novel therapeutics. Within drug development, AI-driven tools support preclinical modeling, optimization of formulation strategies, patient stratification, and clinical trial management, thereby improving safety profiles and regulatory compliance. In pharmacy practice, AI-powered clinical decision support systems, digital adherence monitoring, and personalized therapy recommendations are advancing patient-centered care. Equally transformative is the integration of AI into pharmacy education, where adaptive learning platforms, simulation technologies, and data analytics are preparing future pharmacists to navigate a digitally enabled healthcare landscape. Despite its vast potential, AI adoption in pharmacy faces several challenges, including data quality, algorithmic transparency, ethical concerns, regulatory uncertainties, and the need for workforce training. Addressing these barriers is essential to ensure equitable, responsible, and sustainable implementation of AI technologies. This chapter provides a comprehensive exploration of how AI is revolutionizing pharmaceutical discovery, development, and education, while highlighting the opportunities and challenges that will shape the future of pharmacy in the era of intelligent systems.

MENTHONE: AN OVERVIEW OF THEIR PHARMACOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE AND NOVEL DERIVATIVES

Shashawat Mishra — 2026-01-22

In the world of medical herbs, a highly valued member of the Lamiaceae family, is peppermint (Mentha piperita),. This review aims to fill this gap by providing a comprehensive examination of peppermint, encompassing its botanical characteristics, traditional and local medicinal uses, chemical constituents, and pharmacological activities and novel derivatives of menthone. Peppermint has been revered for centuries for its wide array of medicinal properties, ranging from its ability to alleviate digestive discomfort to its antimicrobial and analgesic effects. This paper synthesizes up-to-date information on the pharmacognosy and pharmacology of Mentha piperita, highlighting its diverse therapeutic potentials. By consolidating research findings from various studies, this review serves as a valuable reference for researchers seeking to explore the multifaceted benefits of peppermint in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications. From its essential oil to its various extracts, the pharmacological activities of peppermint, including its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antispasmodic properties, are thoroughly elucidated. Furthermore, this review discusses the potential mechanisms underlying peppermint's pharmacological effects, and preparation on various novel derivatives of menthone. Overall, this paper provides insights into the Pharmacognostic and pharmacological aspects of peppermint, paving the way for further research and development of novel therapeutic interventions derived from this remarkable plant.

IN SILICO EVALUATION, AND QSAR ANALYSIS OF PARA-COUMARIC ACID DERIVATIVES AS POTENTIAL ANTIDIABETIC AGENTS

Aarti Yadav — 2026-01-22

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus, an international health crisis with Increased death and disability, demands ongoing efforts to discover new, effective, and safe antidiabetic drugs. Para-coumaric acid, a naturally occurring phenolic compound, shows promising antidiabetic potential. This study focused on designed and evaluating five novel para-coumaric acid derivatives (Cn1-Cn5) as potential antidiabetic agents.

Material and Methods: In silico evaluations, including QSAR, ADMET and Molecular docking. QSAR analysis identified crucial chemical descriptors related to antidiabetic activity, achieving a high correlation coefficient (R² = 0.9995).

Results and Discussion: These findings suggest that para-coumaric acid derivatives could serve as promising candidates for antidiabetic drug development. ADMET properties assessed through pkCSM software confirmed favourable pharmacokinetics and toxicity profiles for all derivatives, which also complied with The Five Rules of Lipinski, indicating drug-like properties. Molecular docking (using PyRx), revealed strong binding affinities of the derivatives with alpha-amylase, a key antidiabetic target.

Conclusion: These studies highlighted para-coumaric acid's binding affinity to alpha-amylase (-8.7 kcal/mol), suggesting dual-target antidiabetic potential.

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF BETACYANIN-ENCAPSULATED SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES FOR ANTIDIABETIC THERAPY

Sunita . — 2026-01-22

Diabetes, affecting over 400 million people globally, can lead to severe complications such as cardiovascular disease, kidney failure, and limb amputation. Nanotechnology offers innovative solutions through solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) to enhance the bioavailability and therapeutic effects of antidiabetic agents like quercetin, metformin, and betacyanin. Betacyanin, a natural pigment in red beetroot, possesses strong antioxidant and antidiabetic properties but suffers from poor solubility and stability. This study developed SLNs containing betacyanin using heat homogenization and ultrasonication, with glyceryl monostearate, soya lecithin, and Poloxamer 407 as core ingredients. The formulations were evaluated for particle size, drug entrapment, surface morphology, zeta potential, drug release, and antidiabetic activity. In vitro release studies using Franz diffusion cells showed a sustained release of 91.73% over 8 hours. The optimized SLN batch had a particle size of 279 nm and an encapsulation efficiency of 82.71%. Stability studies conducted under ICH guidelines confirmed their robustness over 90 days. The SLNs also demonstrated moderate antidiabetic activity with an IC50 value of 23.25 μg/mL. SLNs have also been reported to reduce α–amylase and α–glucosidase levels for management of diabetes. These findings suggest that betacyanin-loaded SLNs hold significant promise as a stable and effective alternative for controlled drug delivery in diabetes management.

Keywords: Diabetes, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), betacyanin, ultrasonication, controlled drug release